Archive for classical music

faq about recital etiquette

(Above is pianist Yosuke Yamashita…..you can read about that here…..)

Recently I’ve received a number of recital and concert questions, so I’ve answered these below.  Also see “Piano Recital Etiquette, or What do Do When You Attend a Classical Music Concert”

What should I wear to a recital/ classical concert?

If you are an audience member attending a recital and you’re not sure how formal it is, it’s always safe to wear something that’s nice but still casual; think “Sunday clothes.”  But if you are attending an evening symphony orchestra concert, you should wear dressy clothes — a suit for men, a dress for women.

If you are performing in a recital, ask your teacher about appropriate attire for the performance, and here are some additional guidelines in choosing what to wear:

Your clothing should be comfortable whether you are standing, sitting, or walking.  Check to make sure you can actually play your instrument in the clothes you have chosen.  Tight sleeves can restrict your arm movements, skirts can hike up inappropriately, and high heels can make you walk awkwardly.  These are the kinds of things you don’t want to be worrying about when you are about to perform, so it’s best to wear something sensible that fits well!

Girls and ladies:  Don’t wear short skirts, sleeveless dresses, plunging necklines, or dresses with thin straps.  I have witnessed a number of “wardrobe malfunctions” such as a spaghetti strap that keeps falling off the shoulder, underwear showing, etc.  These incidents embarrass the audience as well as the performer, and can be avoided altogether by dressing modestly.

Should I give a gift to the performer after the recital, and what is an appropriate gift? What about teachers?

Gifts are not expected by the performer, but they are a great way to encourage the musician if you feel obliged to do so.  Flowers are a traditional gift, but any small thing the performer enjoys would be equally welcome.  A “congratulations” card, a trip to their favorite restaurant, a small toy or trinket are all nice recital gifts.  Boys may not enjoy receiving flowers, so consider their personality in choosing a gift for them.  More important than gifts are your words to the musician afterwards.  Tell them specifically what you enjoyed about their performance.

Likewise, teachers certainly do not expect gifts, but any given are considered by the teacher to be recognition of the extra effort and time involved in preparing for the recital and coaching the students.  If a recital goes well, the teacher should be congratulated! 

When am I supposed to clap?  What about a standing ovation?

For formal recitals with one performer, it is customary to clap when they first appear on stage and at the end of each piece (but not between movements of a piece).  It is usually pretty obvious, and when in doubt, just follow what the people around you are doing.  Standing ovations are reserved for performances that are particularly moving, virtuosic, and spectacular.  Once while I was in college, I went on a date with a man who had never attended a recital before, and he took me to a so-so symphony concert.  At the end, he clapped enthusiastically and stood up for a standing ovation, and he was the only person in the entire audience to do so, and I almost died of embarrassment.  If you are new to attending recitals, don’t start a standing ovation—again, it is best to just “follow the crowd”.

Should I bring babies or small children to recitals?

No, not unless it is a very informal recital.  The performers onstage can hear every cough, rustle of papers, whisperings, cell phones, key janglings, and every other sound that occurs in the room.   Crying and cooing babies, and restless young children are a distraction to the performer who is trying to concentrate, as well as to the audience members. 

Can I take pictures or videotape during a recital?

It is best to avoid taking pictures during the performance because most cameras make sounds and have flashes, and these are a total distraction when one is performing (especially the flashes!).  Instead, consider taking pictures before and after the recital.  Videotaping is allowed at some venues, and not at others, so find out ahead of time by contacting the teacher, director, facility, etc.

If you have any other questions about concert/recital etiquette, don’t hesitate to leave a comment, and I’ll get back to you!

Music periods—-20th century

20th Century/Contemporary Period

1900-present

     Keyboard instruments used:   piano

     Popular forms:  there are limitless forms, some of which borrow from the past, but in general forms of the 20th century are freer and more abstract.

     Harmony:  pieces may be atonal, 12-tone, use nonWestern scales, modal, or use traditional Western tonality.  Dissonance, tone clusters, and invented chords/scales are also used.

     Style:  There are many different movements representing different styles, such as:  Impressionism, Neoclassicism, Atonality, 12-tone, Expressionism, Minimalism, the Avant-garde, and Aleatoric or “chance” music.

     Composers:  Claude Debussy, Bela Bartok, Charles Ives, Sergei Prokofiev, John Cage, Emma Lou Diemer.

To learn more about–

Debussy:  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/debussy.html

Bartok:  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/bartok.html

Ives:  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/ives.html

Prokofiev:  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/prokofiev.html

Cage:  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/cage.html

The following videos represent a range of styles and moods of twentieth-century piano music.  Press the play button in the middle of the video screen twice.

Debussy:  2 Preludes, Book II– “mists,” and “ondine”; performed by Elena Ulyanova:

Prokofiev:  Finale from Sonata no. 6; performed by Evgeny Kissin:

Henry Cowell:  “Aeolian Harp”; performed on the strings of the piano; pianist Lydia Aoki:

Music periods—-Romantic

Romantic Period Summary

1820-1900

     Keyboard instrument used:  the piano

     Popular forms:     character pieces, concertos, etudes, dances, and theme and variations.

     Harmony:     chromaticism, wild modulation, thick textures.

     Style:     Personal expression, use of the pedal, variety of dynamics, tempo, and accompaniment figuration, extreme virtuosity.

     Composers:     Ludwig van Beethoven, Frederic Chopin, Robert Schumann, Franz Liszt

To learn more about Beethoven:  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/beethoven.html

To learn more about Chopin:  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/chopin.html

To learn more about Schumann:  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/schumann.html

To learn more about Liszt:  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/liszt.html

View the following videos to hear piano pieces of the Romantic Period.  Please press the play button in the middle of the video screen twice.

Beethoven’s Sonata No. 17 in D minor, op. 31 No. 2, third movement, performed by Wilhelm Kempff:

Chopin’s Scherzo no. 3, performed by Martha Argerich:

First half of Schumann’s “Scenes from Childhood”, performed by Cyprien Katsaris:

Liszt’s Transcendental Etude No. 4, “Mazeppa,” performed by Boris Berezovsky:

Music periods—-classical

Classical Period Summary

1750-1820

     Keyboard instruments used:   The pianoforte (predecessor to the modern-day piano)

     Popular forms:    Sonata-allegro, minuet and trio, rondo, sonatina, theme and variations, and concertos.

     Harmony:    Right-hand melody with left-hand accompaniment (Alberti bass, often).  Symmetry and beauty of melody were important.

    Style:    Limited modulation, a variety of dynamic contrasts, and articulation marks written in the score, such as staccato and slurs.

   Composers:  Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Joseph Haydn, and early works of Ludwig van Beethoven

To learn more about Mozart:  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/mozart.html

To learn more about Haydn:  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/haydn.html

To learn more about Beethoven:  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/beethoven.html

Watch the following videos to hear keyboard pieces of the Classical Period.  Please press the play button in the middle of the video screen twice.

Mozart’s Sonata in C Major K. 330, third movement, performed by Vladimir Horowitz:

Beethoven’s Sonata in D major, Op. 10 No. 3, first movement, performed by Irena Koblar:

Music periods—–Baroque

 Baroque Period Summary

1600-1750

        Keyboard instruments used:     the clavichord, harpsichord, and organ (the piano was not invented yet!).

      Popular forms:    Binary and ternary form, dances, toccatas, preludes, fugues, suites, and theme and variations.

     Harmony:      Music was written in major and minor keys, sometimes with frequent modulation.  Counterpoint, two or more melodies played at the same time, was popular.

     Style:      A lot of ornamentation, imitation of themes, and terraced dynamics.

     Composers:  The most famous composers of this time period are J.S. Bach, George Frideric Handel, and Domenico Scarlatti.

To learn more about Bach:   http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/bach.html

To learn more about Handel:  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/handel.html

Watch the following videos to hear keyboard music of the Baroque Period;  please press the play button in the middle of the video screen twice. 

Here is Toccata in G Major, composed by Bach, played on the harpsichord by Ton Koopman:

Here is Domenico Scarlatti’s Sonata in D Minor, k. 517, performed on the harpsichord by Elaine Comparone:

    

YouTube competition for amateur pianists

assignment for upper school students:

The Van Cliburn Foundation is holding a piano competition on YouTube for amateur pianists 35 and older, and you have the opportunity to help decide who will win.  The winner of the YouTube competition will have their entry fee waived and will compete in the 2011 International Competition.

In order to vote, you will need to register on the Van Cliburn website, and you will be emailed an online ballot to vote for your favorite pianist.  The voting will take place May 1-15.

You can view the competitors’ videos on their channel on YouTube here.  Today when I checked, there were only 2 pianists who’ve submitted videos so far, but the deadline is April 30th, so hopefully there will be more soon. 

You can hear more about the guidelines for the pianists here:

 

happy valentine’s day

 cupcakes.jpg

 excerpt from Tchaikovsky’s “Romeo and Juliet” played by a youth orchestra:

lots of love for claude debussy

 ”entre quatre-z-yeux”

this is a beautiful documentary about debussy and his philosophy of music, with pianist daniel barenboim.

click here to see Debussy’s Sonata for Flute, Viola, and Harp

click here to watch “Claire de Lune” on a music score-animation machine

fairy tale recital photos

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to see some images from the recital, click here